What is HIL Testing?

Hardware-in-the-loop testing means the tests of real ECUs (electronic control units) in a realistic simulated environment. These tests are reproducible and can be automated which leads to 24/7 comprehensive testing in the laboratory, shortens validation times, and increases the range of test scenarios. Additionally testing critical corner cases can be done without creating safety problems for the device-under-test or the environment.

Advantages of HIL Testing
  • Test systems scalable from small to large
  • Simulation of the complete vehicle or integration of real components
  • Communication testing
  • Bus and restbus simulation

Typical HIL Test System

A HIL system comprises of the simulation hardware and the accompanying software. Connected to the system is the unit under test, which usually is one or more electronic control units (ECUs) containing new functions or ECU software to be tested. Depending on the use case, further real hardware components can be added to the test system, e.g., steering or the brake system.

 

Schematic overview of a typical HIL system with its components.

Test Management

  • SYNECT
    SYNECT

    Data management and collaboration software with a focus on model-based development and ECU

Platform and I/O Configuration

  • ConfigurationDesk
    ConfigurationDesk

    Configuration and implementation software for dSPACE real-time hardware

  • Bus Manager
    Bus Manager

    Configuration tool for LIN, CAN, and CAN FD bus simulation

  • dSPACE Ethernet Configuration Package
    dSPACE Ethernet Configuration Package

    With the dSPACE Ethernet Configuration Package, you can configure a dSPACE system as a simulation node in a service-oriented Ethernet network.

  • dSPACE FlexRay Configuration Package
    dSPACE FlexRay Configuration Package

    The dSPACE FlexRay Configuration Package is used to integrate dSPACE hardware as simulation or monitoring nodes in a FlexRay network.

Experimentation and Visualization

  • ControlDesk
    ControlDesk

    Universal modular experiment and instrumentation software for electronic control unit (ECU) development

  • ModelDesk
    ModelDesk

    Graphical user interface for parameterization, management, and simulation

Test Automation

  • AutomationDesk
    AutomationDesk

    Powerful test authoring and automation tool for HIL testing of ECUs

SCALEXIO Real-Time and I/O Hardware

  • SCALEXIO LabBox
    SCALEXIO LabBox

    The SCALEXIO LabBox is a compact, modular real-time system for desktop or rack-mount use.

  • SCALEXIO Rack System
    SCALEXIO Rack System

    The SCALEXIO rack system is very flexible due to extensive I/O features. All hardware is software-configurable, making it easy to adapt the system to changing project requirements.

  • 
SCALEXIO Customized System
    SCALEXIO Customized System

    The dSPACE SCALEXIO customized system is a highly versatile hardware-in-the-loop simulator that offers a comprehensive range of adaption and configuration options to meet customer-specific requirements.

  • Power HIL Systems
    Power HIL Systems

    Testing electric motor controllers, including power electronics with emulated motors and real currents.

  • Mechatronic Test Benches
    Mechatronic Test Benches

    dSPACE provides highly dynamic turn-key test benches for mechatronic components and systems.

Simulation Model

  • Automotive Simulation Models (ASM)
    Automotive Simulation Models (ASM)

    Tool suite for simulating the engine, vehicle dynamics, electrical system, and traffic environment

  • AURELION
    AURELION

    The dSPACE solution for sensor-realistic simulation offers powerful visualization and physical computation functions for generating synthetic sensor data in virtual test drives.

Deep Dive – Test Phases and Test Systems in HIL Simulations

Function Testing

Function testing focuses on testing single or a few functions, including their interaction with ECU basic software. Since this kind of testing is typically an integral part of function development rather than final release testing, its focus lies on experimental usage, without systematic test automation. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test systems for function testing therefore require versatile bus and network interfaces, restbus simulation on the behavior and protocol levels, or design-for-test interfaces (e.g., XCP). These types of tests are often performed by the function developers themselves and must fit on a developer’s desk.

ECU Component Testing

Typical applications for ECU tests range from software integration testing through fail-safe and fail-operational testing, to ECU release testing. Testing is therefore highly automated and based on ECU requirements to cover the high number of variants.

Test systems for ECU testing require scalable I/O and bus/network interfaces including electrical failure simulation. Furthermore, testing of buses and networks requires restbus simulation on the behavior and protocol level as well as extensive manipulation.

Testing of real components requires comprehensive plant models and simulation performance that can be increased accordingly. Ideally, the test system functions can be adapted to changing project requirements.

ECU Domain and Network Testing

ECU domain and network testing is characterized by end-to-end testing of distributed functions. This includes sleep or wake-up tests as well as fail-safe and fail-operational tests of the vehicle’s ECU network. The need for an extensive range of I/O channels as well as bus and network interfaces is characteristic for these kinds of test systems.

A multitude of plant models must be processed time-synchronously on several clustered real-time systems. To handle complex models and scenarios, strong simulation performance and multiprocessor capabilities are required. 

ECU network testing systems often run highly automated test programs around the clock, made possible by comprehensive test management systems.

Application Areas

The dSPACE HIL systems are suitable for a wide range of application areas, from automotive topics to aerospace to railway and marine.

 

E-Mobility

  • Ladetechnologien

    Entwickeln und Testen intelligenter Ladetechnologien

  • Batteriemanagementsysteme

    Entwicklung und Test von Batteriemanagementsystemen für Elektrofahrzeuge

  • Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellen

    Entwicklung und Test von Brennstoffzellentechnologien für Elektrofahrzeuge

  • Energiemanagement

    Entwicklung und Test von Gleichspannungswandlern und anderen Leistungselektronikkomponenten für Elektrofahrzeuge

  • Traktionsmotoren

    Die dSPACE Entwicklungsumgebung bietet eine sehr flexible Unterstützung für die Entwicklung und den Test von Antrieben für die Haupttraktionseinheit von der Signalebene bis zur vollen Leistung.

Autonomous Driving

  • dSPACE HIL für autonomes Fahren

    dSPACE bietet ein umfassendes Portfolio für Closed-Loop- und Open-Loop-Tests von Hochleistungsrechnern (HPCs) für autonomes Fahren.

Automotive Core

  • Powertrain

    dSPACE offers hardware and software solutions for prototyping, developing, and testing all kind of powertrain systems.

  • Fahrzeug-Konnektivität

    Ganz gleich, welche Kommunikationstechnologie Sie bevorzugen – dSPACE Lösungen helfen Ihnen, vernetzte Autos schneller auf den Markt zu bringen.

  • Automotive Kommunikationssysteme

    dSPACE bietet ein breites Spektrum an Software- und Hardware-Lösungen, um Aspekte wie Restbussimulation, virtuelle Bussimulation oder Buskommunikationstests abzudecken.

  • Karosserie- und Komfortelektronik

    dSPACE bietet die passenden Werkzeuge für die Entwicklung und den Test von Karosserie- und Komfortelektronik in Fahrzeugen.

  • Chassis

    Bei der Entwicklung und dem Test neuer Chassis-Regelungsstrategien müssen mehrere Komponenten wie Lenkung, Bremsen und Radaufhängung berücksichtigt werden, um mehr Fahrsicherheit, Komfort und Agilität zu erreichen.

On- & Offroad Commercial Vehicles

  • Nutzfahrzeugindustrie

    Hoch flexible und skalierbare Entwicklungs- und Testlösungen für Nutzfahrzeuge wie Lkws, Busse und Off-Highway-Fahrzeuge

Aerospace

  • Elektrisches Fliegen

    Die Zukunft des Luftverkehrs ermöglichen

  • Flugzeugsysteme

    Flugzeugsysteme erfüllen eine Vielzahl von sicherheitskritischen Funktionen in allen denkbaren Flugsituationen. Hardware- und Software-Produkte von dSPACE spielen eine Schlüsselrolle für den sicheren Betrieb dieser Systeme.

  • Luft-/Raumfahrt

    Die Zukunft der Raumfahrt nach höchsten Standards gestalten

Industrial Automation and Transportation

  • Energieindustrie

    Entwicklung und Test von Technologien für die Energieinfrastruktur

  • Bahnindustrie

    Entwicklung und Test alternativer Antriebssysteme und autonomes Fahren für Züge

  • Marine

    Entwicklung und Test alternativer Antriebssysteme und autonomes Fahren für Schiffe

  • Maschinen und Elektrowerkzeuge

    Comprehensive solutions for machinery and power tools to bring ideas to life, ranging from control prototyping, model-based production software development, digital twins to test benches for full-power testing.

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What our customers say

Further Information

Videos

Our videos on HIL testing cover short feature demonstrations, interviews, and detailed technical introductions.

Watch our videos on HIL Testing

Use Cases

Our use cases give an even deeper insight of what you can do with hardware-in-the-loop systems.

Discover our HIL testing use cases

Success Stories

Our customers success stories give you an overview of the wide range of application scenarios dSPACE HIL simulators are being used in.

Read more about HIL success stories

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