Mean value engine model with combustion torque modulation.
The physical engine characteristics are represented by a mean value engine model with crank-angle-based torque modulation, dynamic manifold pressure, temperature calculation, and several fuel injection models. A soft ECU is included for scenarios where a real ECU is not available, for example, in offline simulation. To simulate the engine in an automotive system (car or truck), the engine model incorporates a longitudinal drivetrain model with manual and automatic transmission, a clutch, a torque converter, a starter, and a test bench mode. Models for the environment and driver complement the virtual powertrain.
Feature | Gasoline Basic | Gasoline | Diesel | InCylinder Gasoline | InCylinder Diesel |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of cylinders | Unlimited | 20 | 20 | 12 | 12 |
EGR | – | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Map-based turbocharger | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Physical turbocharger | – | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Common rail system | – | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Pump nozzle | – | – | Yes | – | – |
Fuel injection | Intake manifold | Direct, intake manifold | Direct | Direct, intake manifold | Direct |
Wall film evaporation | Yes | Yes | – | – | – |
Combustion modes |
Homogeneous | Homogeneous, stratified | Diffusion | Homogeneous | Diffusion |
Exhaust system | Basic variant | Basic variant | DPF, DOC1) | Basic variant | DPF, DOC1) |
Soft ECU, engine | Yes | Yes 2) | Yes 2) | Yes 2) | Yes 2) |
Combustion simulation | Mean value | Mean value | Mean value | Physical | Physical |
Valve simulation | Mean value | Mean value | Mean value | Physical | Physical |
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